Task C: Regulations and Publications related to IFR operations (1/ 2)

IR privilege

Instrument Rating(IR) 을 가지게 되면 아래와 같은 Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations 에 Privilege 를 가지게 된다. 

- PIC under IFR

- Flight in IMC

- Special VFR (SVFR) at night

- Flight in Class A

IFR 요구 조건

  추가로 IFR 을 하기 위해서는 1) Flight plan 이 file 되어 있어야 하며, 그것을 2) ATC 에서 허가 해 주어야 한다. 이렇게 IFR operations 을 하게 되면 대부분의 비행경로는 ATC에서 정하게 된다.

 - ATC clearance to a filed flight plan

Aeronautical Experience Requirement (14 CFS 61.64 (d))

PIC X-C: 50 hours	Instrument time: 40 hours
At least 10 hrs in airplane 총 50 시간의 PIC Cross country 시간이 필요하며 그 중 10시간 이상은 Airplane 에서 해야한다.	15 hours with CFII 250NM X-C along airway or ATC directed route - Under IFR and File flight plan - Instrument Approach at each airport - 3 different kinds of approach 3 hours of instrument training preceding 2 CM

Use of flight simulators or flight training devices (14 CFR 61.65(h))

- Maximum 30 hours in a flight simulator or flight training device: Part 142 (Training centers)

- Maximum 20 hours in a flight simulator or flight training device: Not part 142

 

Recent flight experience (14 CFR 61.57)

General Experience

- For carrying a passenger as a PIC: 3 take off and 3 landings within the preceding 90 days

- Tail wheel aircraft must be full-stop

- Accomplished in a flight simulator or flight training device (Part 142 approved)

Night takeoff and landing experience (for carrying passengers) 

- 1 hour after sunset ~ 1 hour before sunrise: 3 take off and 3 landing with a full stop within the preceding 90 days

Instrument experience (66 HIT)

- 6 Calendar months

- 6 Approaches

- Holding

- Intercepting

- Tracking

- Grace period: After 6 calendar months, IFR is not current but can get current with a safety pilot in VMC or a safety pilot who has IR in the IMC-grace period.

- Safety pilot 없이는 ATD 에서 가능

Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC)(Part 61.57)

- Over 12 CM (Instrument experience + Grace period)

- CFII 또는 DPE 와 할 것

- Consist of the areas of operation and instrument tasks required in PTS

※ IPC 에는 Circling landing 항목이 있기 때문에 ATD로는 할 수가 없다. 그렇기 때문에 실제 비행을 하기는 해야한다.

Safety pilot (14 CFR 91.109)

- Anyone who can act as a PIC

- Must be at least a Private pilot with a current medical certificate rated in the same category and class of aircraft

Logging Instrument Time (14 CFR 61.51 (g))

Log instrument time

- Soley by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions

As an authorized instructor

- Conducting instrument flight instruction in actual instrument flight conditions

Log instrument time for recent instrument experience (66HIT)

- Location and type of each instrument approach

- Name of the safety pilot (if required)

 

Preflight Action (14 CFR 91.103)

NWKRAFT

- NOTAM& TFR

- Weather

- Known ATC delays: OIS (Operational information system, AD, DD 15 increments)

- Runway length

- Alternatives available if the planned flight cannot be completed

-  Fuel requirements: 45 min additional requirements for alternate

- Takeoff and landing distance

ATC Clearance & Flight Plan required to perform IFR flight (14 CFR 91.173)

Prior to entering controlled airspace under IFR, each pilot must have

- filled IFR flight plan

- ATC clearance

VFR weather minimum (14 CFR 91.155)

Special VFR (SVFR) Weather minimum (14 CFR 91.157)

- Operated in less than VFR conditions under VFR

- Below 10,00 ft MSL within controlled airspace designated to the surface for an airport

Only to be conducted

- With an ATC clearance

- Clear of Cloud

-Flight visibility at least 1 SM

- Must have IR from Sunset to Sunrise