Instrument Rating Requirement(3/3)

4. How to maintain IFR currency? (FAR 61.57 (c))

: a person may act as PIC under IFR or weather conditions less than VFR minimums.

- All VFR currency requirements still apply (bare minimum requirement to be safe)

- Flight review (과거 Biennial Flight Review (BFR)): to act as PIC of the airplane

- Recent flight experiences: to carry passengers as PIC

- 66HIT

66 HIT

- Within 6 calendar months (CM) preceding the month of the flight, that person performed and logged at least the following tasks in an airplane for the instrument rating privileges to be maintained in actual weather conditions

- 6 Instrument approaches

- Holding procedures and tasks

- Intercepting

- Tracking using electronic navigation aids.

Simulator 사용하게 될 경우

a. Flight Training Device (FTD)

: 66 HIT 만족

※ FTD (AC 61-136A)

: A replica of aircraft instruments, equipment, panels, and controls in an open flight deck area or an enclosed aircraft cockpit replica. It includes the equipment and computer programs necessary to represent aircraft operations in ground and flight conditions having the full range of capabilities of the systems installed in the device as described in part 60 of this chapter and the qualification performance standard for a specific FTD qualification level. 

 

b. Aviation Training Device (ATD)

- Within 2 CM

- 3 hours instrument experience

- Holding, 6 instrument approaches, Two unusual attitude recoveries

- Intercepting and tracking

※ ATD (AC 61-136A)

: An ATD is a training device, other than a full flight simulator (FFS) or FTD, that has been evaluated, qualified, and approved by the administrator. In general, this includes a replica of aircraft instruments, equipment, panels, and controls in an open flight deck area or an enclosed aircraft cockpit. It includes the hardware and software necessary to represent a category and class of aircraft (or set of aircraft) operations in ground and flight conditions having the appropriate range of capabilities and systems installed in the device as described within this advisory circular (AC) for the specific basic or advanced qualification level. 

 

*IPC 의 경우 FTD 사용 가능할까?

Landing 의 경우는 실제비행으로 해야 하기 때문에 FTD 로 IPC 전부를 행할 수는 없다

 

1) Logging approaches

- We can log an instrument approach when...

a) in IMC

b) under the hood with the safety pilot (who can be a PIC) or CFII, passed the final approach fix.

- What do we log?

: Name, type and location of approach

 

2) Grace period (After 6 CM ~ 12 CM): another six months to get current again

- If not current in preceding 6 CM but less than 12 CM

- You cannot be PIC of an IFR flight, but you can get currency with safety pilot/ CFII/ DPE

- 66HIT

: This is a simulated IFR, not an actual IFR, must clear B airspace, and maintain 2-way communication in C, and D airspace

 (실제 IFR 비행이 아니기 때문에 VFR 에 따라 airspace 들어가기 전에 two-way communication 되고 B의 경우 clearance 도 받아야 함)

, Cloud and visibility requirement stll apply

 

3) Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC) with CFII/ DPE (after 12 CM)

- If not current for more than 12 CM

- only do with CFII/ DPE

- ACS A-12

6 CM	> 6 CM	IPC
IFR current	- Grace period - 66 HIT with a safety pilot/ CFII/ DPE	- with a CFII or DPE - ACS table

 

What is a safety pilot? (91.109(c))

- Must be at least a private pilot

- Have an appropriate category, class certification

- Must have a valid medical certificate (because they are required crewmember, logging SIC)

- You must put the safety pilot's name in your logbook

 

5. Required Preflight Action (FAR 91.103)

: Each PIC should, before beginning a flight, become familiar with all available information concerning that flight. TFR, NOTAMs, Charts, crosswind... (NWKRAFT)

- NOTAMs (Notice to Airman): a notice containing information concerning the establishment, condition, or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedure, or hazard, the timely knowledge of which is essential to personnel concerned with flight operations.

- Weather: WX reports and forecasts

- Known ATC delays: of which the PIC has been advised by ATC

- Runway lengths at the airport of intended use

- Alternatives: *if the planned flight cannot be completed

- Fuel requirement

- Takeoff, landing distance information

 

 

6. ATC clearance and flight plan required

- No person may operate an aircraft in controlled airspace under IFR unless that person has... 

a) Filed an IFR flight plan and

b) received an appropriate ATC clearance

 

7. IFR Clearance: CRAFT

- Clearance limit: Pilot cannot fly on their route before receiving additional clearance

Formally, a clearance limit is the fix, point, or location to which an aircraft is cleared when issued an air traffic clearance. The clearance issued prior to departure normally authorizes a flight to the airport of intended landing.

- Route: How to get to your clearance limit (via ~)

- Altitude: Initial or en route altitude (0 minutes after take-off)

- Frequency: First frequency after tower

- Transponder: Squark code

- Expected further clearance (EFC): The time a pilot can expect to receive clearance beyond a clearance limit.

  EFC is usually issued when the clearance limit is not at the destination airport.

 

8. Portable electronic devices (FAR 91.21)

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, no person may operate, nor may any operator or PIC of an aircraft allow the operation of, any portable electronic device on any of the following US-registered civil aircraft: 

1) Aircraft operated by a holder of an air carrier operating certificate or an operating certificate; or

2) Any other aircraft while it is operated under IFR

 

(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to...

1) Portable voice recorders;

2) Hearing aids;

3) Heart pacemakers;

4) Electric shavers; or

5) Any other portable electronic device that the operator of the aircraft has determined will not cause interference with the navigation or communication system of the aircraft on which it is to be used.

(c) In the case of an aircraft operated by a holder of an air carrier operating certificate of an operating certificate, the determination required by paragraph (b)(5) of this section shall be made by that operator of the aircraft on which the particular device is to be used. In the case of other aircraft, the determination may be made by the PIC or other operator of the aircraft.